<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19832639</id><updated>2011-04-21T17:10:48.396-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Business email appending, B2B &amp; B2C Email Appending</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>sixchannels</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>7</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19832639.post-115462380370339409</id><published>2006-08-03T09:48:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-07-18T08:43:01.873-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Business Email List (B2B) for Your Email Campaings</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Quality business mailing lists allows you to efficiently and effectively  target your audience. With changing scenario of businesses – closings, new  locations, relocating, and changes in staff – it's critical that business  mailing lists accurately reflect these changes. Without a quality business  mailing list, you may be faced with inaccurate or outdated information, which in  turn leads to ineffective campaigns and lower response rates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.sixchannels.com/email-marketing/business-email-list.asp"&gt;Read More.... &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/19832639-115462380370339409?l=email-appending.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/feeds/115462380370339409/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=19832639&amp;postID=115462380370339409&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/115462380370339409'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/115462380370339409'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/2006/08/business-email-list-b2b-for-your-email.html' title='Business Email List (B2B) for Your Email Campaings'/><author><name>sixchannels</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19832639.post-114476934220863264</id><published>2006-04-11T08:20:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2006-04-11T08:30:48.696-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Appending Rich Text Edits</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5305/1839/1600/imginc210.jpg"&gt;&lt;/a&gt; A recent request from a client of mine was to mimic a feature of a bug-tracking system they use. The feature was a part of a non-Domino website, but they wanted it adding to their Domino system. It wasn't something I'd been asked to do before then and isn't something I've seen described elsewhere. Hence, I will describe the problem and solution now.&lt;br /&gt;The Situation:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The system in question is called &lt;a href="http://www.fogcreek.com/FogBugz/"&gt;FogBugz&lt;/a&gt;. It's used to report and track bugs and issues. In &lt;a href="http://www.fogcreek.com/FogBugz/40tour/04.html"&gt;this screenshot&lt;/a&gt; and the image below you can see the typical content of a bug report.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The content of this page is made up of all the comments that people post as it goes through the workflow. Users can edit documents and add their comments, but they can not edit what has already been said by others.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To reproduce this in Domino we need to append each user's comment to the end of one big Rich Text field. How do we do this without allowing the user to edit the content already in there? That was the problem I was faced with.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There may be an easier alternative, but this is what I came up with and it works. Instead of the usual solitary Rich Text field I've used three of them. The forms look something like this:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Why three fields? Well, one - Body - is for storing the content and displaying it when the document is in read mode. The others - Temp and Display - are used for user input and displaying current content, respectively, in edit mode. Maybe it could be done with two, but I've not looked in to this really. If it can then do let me know.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What do these fields do? Well, as I said, Body is used to store all the content in the document. The other two aren't strored on the document and are removed using LotusScript in the WebQuerySave agent. Temp is only ever an empty field for user input. Display is used to show current content when in edit mode. There's a reason this can't simply be the Body field, but I can't remember it now. The content of the Display field is added by the WebQueryOpen agent.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What code's needed? Well, noting too complicated really. We just need to get a hold of the existing Body field and add whatever is in the Temp field to it. The complicated bit is where we try and add some style to the lines inserted to separate each edit.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In a diversion from my usual style of writing articles I am not to going to describe the code in detail. Instead I am going to let you guys work it out by downloading the sample database and figuring it out for yourselves. This saves me a lot of time and makes it easier for me to get more stuff to you in a timely fashion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;You might have noticed an option in the form that lets you chose whether to store the contents as HTML or not. What effect does this have? One obvious difference is that you get the HTML editor. The main difference though is that the backend document is stored in HTML. If you don't select this option the whole thing is stored in Notes rich text format. This is beneficial if you want to make sure searching works as you'd expect or if you want to read/edit the content in the Notes Client.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What use is this?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What you might use this for is down to you. The example of a bug tracking solution is a good one, but you could employ it in most workflow situations. It could even be used in a forum-style situation or even for a blog where all readers' comments are appended.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Negatives&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There are drawbacks to this solution. For a start a user can't edit their comments after posting them. And what if we wanted to delete their comments ? It's not as easy as it would be if each comment posted were stored in a separate document.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Positive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is a bonus though. Searching becomes easier. Only one hit will be returned by a full-text search and there's no need to find which document it was that contained what you're looking for.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This is a simple yet effective cludge of a solution. You might not even have realised this could be useful before now. Hopefully you will find a use for it somewhere.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/19832639-114476934220863264?l=email-appending.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/feeds/114476934220863264/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=19832639&amp;postID=114476934220863264&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/114476934220863264'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/114476934220863264'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/2006/04/appending-rich-text-edits.html' title='Appending Rich Text Edits'/><author><name>sixchannels</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19832639.post-114442145055106061</id><published>2006-04-07T07:45:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2006-04-07T07:51:01.553-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Append consumer email addresses</title><content type='html'>Take advantage of low-cost, fast, global Internet marketing by adding consumer e-mail addresses to your database. These opt-in e-mail addresses are linked to the provided name and postal address based on detailed information from a large network of vendors.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Process: The customer’s file is matched against various databases and when a match is found, the e-mail address is added to the client’s file.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After an e-mail match is found for a corresponding physical address, a letter is e-mailed with the option to opt out. After allowing 5-7 business days for all responses, final numbers will be calculated measuring the opt-ins, excluding undeliverable and opt-out e-mails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;During the data collection process, subscribers voluntarily disclose their personal information, and have access to view a privacy policy stating that their information could be shared with third parties that have "customer relationships" with the individual.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At the completion of the e-mail appending process, the enhanced file is returned to the client. The e-mail addresses that are appended were those matched and are successfully deliverable.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The append percentage will vary depending on the accuracy of the data in your list. Consumer databases have seen match rates from 15-20%. &lt;br /&gt;Sources:1) Opt-in permission-based websites.2) Online and offline survey data.3) Online and offline product registrations.Required Fields: Full name, Address, City, State, and 5-Digit ZIP Code™.Returned Fields: Email address&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/19832639-114442145055106061?l=email-appending.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/feeds/114442145055106061/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=19832639&amp;postID=114442145055106061&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/114442145055106061'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/114442145055106061'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/2006/04/append-consumer-email-addresses.html' title='Append consumer email addresses'/><author><name>sixchannels</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19832639.post-114442101826309090</id><published>2006-04-07T07:42:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2006-06-12T13:17:06.083-07:00</updated><title type='text'>What is Email Appending?</title><content type='html'>(ē´māl &amp;amp;-pend´ing) (n.) The process of merging a database of customer information that lacks e-mail addresses for the customers with a third party’s database of e-mail addresses in an attempt to match the e-mail addresses with the information in the initial database. A typical &lt;a href="http://www.sixchannels.com/email-appending/why-email-appending.htm"&gt;e-mail appending&lt;/a&gt; scenario involves a business that has name, address and telephone data on its customers to do business through mail or over the telephone, but the company wants to expand into e-mail communication and pays a third party that has a database of e-mail addresses in order to merge the data together.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/19832639-114442101826309090?l=email-appending.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/feeds/114442101826309090/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=19832639&amp;postID=114442101826309090&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/114442101826309090'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/114442101826309090'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/2006/04/what-is-email-appending.html' title='What is Email Appending?'/><author><name>sixchannels</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19832639.post-113803123624827288</id><published>2006-01-23T07:46:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2006-01-23T07:47:16.256-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Consumers Don't Always Get What They Want from Emailers</title><content type='html'>What consumers ask for via email is not necessarily what they get from marketers, according to an email marketing survey from integrated email agency Quris, reports DM News. Though 77 percent of consumers want to receive "unscheduled offers" from marketers, only 8 percent say they get them; also, 75 percent of consumers sign up for scheduled discount alerts and circulars, but only 19 percent find them worth reading; and although 69 percent want email product catalogs, regular updates on products and sales specials, 81 percent say that's not what they receive.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;However, some 66 percent say purchase, shipping and transaction confirmation messages are what permission email does best. Also, 48 percent say permission email is best for providing electronic statements or other account information, and 43 percent say email is best for promoting special discounts and other limited-time offers. Also, 51 percent of respondents are open to receiving relevant marketing messages within those service emails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Some 77 percent say email is the best medium for transaction confirmations, 60 percent say it is best for customer service inquiries, 52 percent say newsletters should be sent by email, and 50 percent say electronic coupons should be available via email.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sixchannels.com/articles/articles-archives.asp"&gt;Read More &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/19832639-113803123624827288?l=email-appending.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/feeds/113803123624827288/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=19832639&amp;postID=113803123624827288&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/113803123624827288'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/113803123624827288'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/2006/01/consumers-dont-always-get-what-they.html' title='Consumers Don&apos;t Always Get What They Want from Emailers'/><author><name>sixchannels</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19832639.post-113474674671284037</id><published>2005-12-16T07:24:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2006-06-12T13:13:03.416-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Need Help In Email Appending To Get More Prospects….</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sixchannels.com/articles/Need-Help-In-Email-Appending-To-Get-More-Prospects.asp"&gt;Need Help In Email Appending To Get More Prospects….&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In today’s fast moving &amp; competitive market, permission-based email is one of the cost effective &amp;amp; efficient ways of increasing ROI &amp;amp; to reach more prospective customer at the right time. According to Gartner’s report you can get 95% of response time within three days through email marketing as compared to other ways of online marketing like fax or telemarketing. Email database is backbone for all the email marketing firms but how to reach prospective customers without having substantial email database?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As we know that 32% of people worldwide change their e-mail address every year. 50% of the people forget to go back and update their e-mail addresses after subscribing toe-mail newsletters (Granters). So how to start to add quality permission-based email addresses to your database?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Utilizing Email-Appending Service can enable you to update email addresses in your database to reach more prospects at the right time. Email appending is the simplest, fastest and most cost-effective way to bring your offline customers online and increase your ROI rapidly.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Email appending is the process of adding an individual's email address to an organization s database(s). An organization sends a file of data with the names and physical addresses of constituents to an append service provider. The provider then matches the data against a permission-based database containing postal and email addresses to produce corresponding email address match. The append service provider then returns a file of data to the organization that includes the newly added email addresses.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sixchannels.com/articles/Need-Help-In-Email-Appending-To-Get-More-Prospects.asp"&gt;Read More&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/19832639-113474674671284037?l=email-appending.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/feeds/113474674671284037/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=19832639&amp;postID=113474674671284037&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/113474674671284037'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/113474674671284037'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/2005/12/need-help-in-email-appending-to-get.html' title='Need Help In Email Appending To Get More Prospects….'/><author><name>sixchannels</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19832639.post-113448473091595058</id><published>2005-12-13T06:35:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2005-12-13T06:45:35.690-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Business email appending, B2B &amp; B2C Email Appending</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.sixchannels.com/consumer-email-appending.asp"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Business email appending, B2B &amp;amp; B2C Email Appending&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Email communication offers many benefits including lower communications costs and higher response rates. But the time and effort required to capture email addresses can seem daunting. In just a few weeks, though, an organization can substantially increase — even double — its number of valid email addresses using an &lt;a href="http://www.sixchannels.net/business-address-appending.asp"&gt;email appending service.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How it works&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We maintain current address information for all records in our Email Append Database. Through our proprietary software, we have a database of virtually everyone’s previous address history. We have appended these previous addresses to many of the records in our Email Append Database.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What this means to you?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Since we have the current address, as well as all previous addresses for the individuals in our database, we are able to increase the likelihood that we can append a particular email address to your file, even if the address you have in your records is outdated.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Process&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We have a 50-member data email append team who works on matching the contact with email address and also makes sure that it’s a deliverable email addressThe file is matched against various databases we host and when a match is found, the email address is added to the client’s file.At the completion of the email appending process, the enhanced file returned to the client.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The eMail addresses that are appended were those matched and are successfully deliverable.During the data collection process, subscribers voluntarily disclose their personal information, and have access to view a privacy policy stating that their information could be shared with third parties that have "customer relationships" with the individual.As people move, it can be easy to lose touch with your customers. Utilizing our Extended Address Verification, we can still enhance records that have outdated postal addresses with a current email address!B2B&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Email Append rate 35%-95%&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B2C Email Append rate 5%-45%&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sixchannels.net/business-email-appending.asp"&gt;READ MORE&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/19832639-113448473091595058?l=email-appending.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/feeds/113448473091595058/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=19832639&amp;postID=113448473091595058&amp;isPopup=true' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/113448473091595058'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/19832639/posts/default/113448473091595058'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://email-appending.blogspot.com/2005/12/business-email-appending-b2b-b2c-email_13.html' title='Business email appending, B2B &amp; B2C Email Appending'/><author><name>sixchannels</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry></feed>
